一线主管的看法则截然不同。在我们的采访中，他们对退休和员工队伍老龄化表现出了明显担忧，特别是对风险技能的质量。尽管高层领导者最关心的是员工人数，但主管比较担心失去战略性职位上的高技能人才。当然，主管往往只管理一小部分员工，所以如果他们的班组中有一名或多名具有稀缺或高水平技能组合，但符合退休条件的员工，他们会看到更大的风险。 Frontline supervisors have a very different perspective, however. In our interviews, their concern about retirements and workforce aging was palpable, particularly about the quality of skills at risk. While high-level leaders were concerned mostly with headcount, supervisors were worried about losing particular high-skill workers in strategically important positions. Supervisors naturally deal with a smaller subset of workers, so when their unit includes one or more retirement-eligible employees with a rare or high-level skill set, they see a greater risk.